asean r and d

ASEAN r&d

Table 4. Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) by selected Asia-Pacific countries

Country	Year	GERD (in millions)	% GERD to GDP	GERD/GDP (%) in previous survey period
^ASEAN
^Indonesia	¹⁹⁹⁴	^{Rp 623,149.7}	^0.16	^{Not available}
^Malaysia	¹⁹⁹⁸	^{RM 1,127}	^0.39	^{0.22 (1997)}
^Philippines	¹⁹⁹²	^{Peso 2,940.5}	^0.22	^{Not available}
^Singapore	¹⁹⁹⁹	^{S$ 2,800}	^1.94	^{1.76 (1998)}
^Thailand	¹⁹⁹⁶	^{Bt 5,528.13}	^0.12	^{0.13 (1995)}
^Non-ASEAN
^Australia	^1996-97	^{A$ 8,769}	^1.65	^{1.60 (1994/95)}
^China	¹⁹⁹⁸	^{RMB 52,600}	^0.71	^{0.63 (1997)}
^{New Zealand}	^1997-98	^{NZ$ 1,107.4}	^1.10	^{0.98 (1995/96)}
^Japan	¹⁹⁹⁵	^{Y 14,408,235}	^2.98	^{Not available}
^ROKorea	¹⁹⁹⁸	^{Won 449,509,000}	^2.52	^{2.69 (1997)}
^Taiwan	¹⁹⁹⁵	^{NT$ 125,031}	^1.81	^{Not available}